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'C4>28I5 2845;8 42>5 N=>H59, >4=8 >;D 8 (59= !B>:5, G5;>25:-OI5@8F0 ?5@51560; 4>@>3C ?@O<> ?5@54 8E 02B><>18;5<. 6>@46 %>;;><M= =01;N40; MB> C60A=>5 A>740=85 @O4>< A 0@B5780=A:8< :>;>4F5<, 345 >= 70?0A0;AO 2>4>9. > >?8A0=8O< >G5284F52, @>AB <>=AB@0 ?@52KH0; 420 <5B@0, C =53> 1K;0 G5HC9G0B0O 75;5=0O :>60 8 :@0A=K5 A25BOI85AO 3;070. 0 =>30E 8 @C:0E ?> B@8 ?0;LF0 A >AB@K<8 45AOB8A0=B8<5B@>2K<8 :>3BO<8, @C:8 =5?@>?>@F8>=0;L=> 4;8==K. @8?B>7>>;>3, A?5F80;8AB ?> =58725AB=K< =0C:5 682>B=K< -@8: 5:46>@4, :>B>@K9 8AA;54>20; A>>1I5=8O > G5;>25:5-OI5@8F5, 2848<>, @5H8; A18BL 2>;=C C60A0 C =0A5;5=8O 8H>?28;;0 ?>A;5 A;CG0O A 528A>< 8 ?@54?>;>68;, GB> <>=AB@ 2A53>-=02A53> ?@>3>;>40;AO 8 : <0H8=5 53> ?@82;5: 70?0E ?8I8, :>B>@CN ?5@52>78; 2>48B5;L. >7<>6=>, G5;>25:-OI5@8F0 >1>605B 1CB5@1@>4K, 70O28; >=. 54L <542548 =0F8>=0;L=KE ?0@:>2, :>340 ;8H0NBAO ?8I8 87-70 70ACE8, B>65 =0?040NB =0 BC@8AB>2 8 ?>A5B8B5;59 8 >B18@0NB C =8E ?@>2878N. !:>@55 2A53>, G5;>25:-OI5@8F0 B>65 ?>AB@040; >B 70ACE8, :>B>@0O A;CG05BAO =0 1>;>B0E. >=OB=> AB@5<;5=85 CG5=>3> 70I8B8BL B08=AB25==>3> <>=AB@0 >B >1;02 2>>@C65==KE <5AB=KE 68B5;59, => B0: ;8 <>6=> 1KBL C25@5==K<, GB> GC4>28I5 ?@82;5:0;8 8<5==> 1CB5@1@>4K, 0 =5 A0< 528A? 5AB=0O ?>;8F8O ?KB0;0AL ?@>25AB8 A2>5 @0AA;54>20=85 8 2K5760;0 =0 <5AB> 2AB@5G8 42CE ?>4@>AB:>2 A <>=AB@><. >;8F59A:85 >1=0@C68;8 B0< >B?5G0B:8 >3@><=KE ;0? @07<5@>< 35 =0 18 A0=B8<5B@>2 8 A;><0==K5 25@ECH:8 <>;>4KE 45@52L52 =0 2KA>B5 >:>;> 42CE A ?>;>28=>9 <5B@>2. >;8F59A:85 ?KB0;8AL 84B8 ?> A;54C, => O2=> ?>GC2AB2>20;8 A51O =5 2 A2>59 B0@5;:5 8 ?>A?5H8;8 25@=CBLAO : <0H8=5. 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iphiidae). note 4. 7 ?OB8 @>4>2, 2E>4OI8E 2 MB> A5<59AB2>, B>;L:> >48= 8725AB5= 4>AB0B>G=> E>@>H>, >= 65 1K; 548=AB25==K< 8725AB=K< 2 A0<>< =0G0;5 ?@>H;>3> 25:0, <K 8<55< 2 284C @>4 1CBK;:>=>A>2 (Hyperoodon), :>B>@K9 1K; =0720= B0: 0A5?54>< 2 1804 3>4C. >-2848<><C, ACI5AB2C5B =5A:>;L:> @07;8G=KE 284>2 1CBK;:>=>A>2, GLO 4;8=0 ?@81;8605BAO : 10 <5B@0<, => B>B 284, :>B>@K9 1>;LH5 2A53> >B;8G05BAO >B 4@C38E, 8725AB5= =0< ?@0:B8G5A:8 ;8HL ?> G5@5?0<, =0945==K< ?> 15@530< N6=KE <>@59. > A8E ?>@ 1CBK;:>=>A>2 C4020;>AL 2K;>28BL ;8HL =0 A525@5 B;0=B8G5A:>3> >:50=0! 8B :;N2>@K; N2L5 (Liphius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esoplodon), 1KBL <>65B, A0<K9 70304>G=K9. 5@2>=0G0;L=> >= AB0; 8725AB5= 1;03>40@O B@C?C, 2K1@>H5==><C =0 ?>15@56L5 2 3@0DAB25 -38= 2 (>B;0=488, :>B>@K9 ?>AG0AB;828;>AL C2845BL =0BC@0;8ABC !>25@18. -B> :>@8G=52>5 682>B=>5 >1;040;> AB@0==> 2K3=CB>9 =86=59 G5;NABLN, :>B>@0O A=0165=0 ;8HL >4=>9 ?0@>9 7C1>2, ?>A;C682H59 ?@8G8=>9 53> ?5@2>=0G0;L=>3> =0720=8O Diodon sowerbyi. ?>A;54AB288 MB> =0720=85 1K;> >B1@>H5=> ?> B0:A>=><8G5A:8< A>>1@065=8O<.  1828 3>4C >G5=L ?>E>655 682>B=>5, A>2A5< =5 8<52H55 7C1>2, 1K;> 2K1@>H5=> 682K< =0 ?;O6 2 02@5. -B> ACI5AB2>, ?@82;5:H55 B>;?K ;N1>?KB=KE, >AB020;>AL 682K< 5I5 2 B5G5=85 42CE 4=59. @>3C;820NI0OAO ?C1;8:0, 8<52H0O :@09=5 AC1J5:B82=K5 ?@54AB02;5=8O > @0F8>=5 ?8B0=8O :8B>>1@07=KE, ?@54;030;0 5<C E;51, A<>G5==K9 2>4>9, 8 4@C385 =5 <5=55 =5 ?>4E>4OI85 ?@>4C:BK. 54=>5, 8A?C30==>5 682>B=>5 8A?CA:0;> =5GB> 2@>45 3;CE>3> :@8:0, =0?><8=02H53> <KG0=85 :>@>2K. >A;5 B>3> :0: MB>B 45;LD8= 1K; >A<>B@5= =@8 N:@>B5 45 ;0=28;5<, 2A;54AB285 >BACBAB28O 7C1>2 >= ?>;CG8; 8<O Aodon dalei. > <=5=8N A?5F80;8AB>2, MB> 682>B=>5 <>3;> >:070BLAO ?@5AB0@5;>9 >A>1LN :8B0 !>25@18, ?>B5@O2H59 7C1K >B AB0@>AB8.  1850 3>4C 2KH5C?><O=CBK9 :8B ?>;CG8; >B >;O 5@25 8<O, 70:@5?;5==>5 70 =8< >D8F80;L=>, Mesoplodon bidens. ! B5E ?>@ 1K;> >1=0@C65=> <=>3> @07=>>1@07=KE Mesoplodon, => 8E >?8A0=8O 1K;8 >A=>20=K =0 B0:>< A:C4=>< <0B5@80;5, GB> B@C4=> A:070BL, A:>;L:> 2 =0AB>OI55 2@5<O ?>4284>2 682CB 2 >:50=5 10 8;8 15. 4=8< 87 A0<KE @54:8E O2;O5BAO :8B 5@25 (Mesoplodon europaeus). 725AB=> ;8HL H5ABL 53> M:75<?;O@>2. 5@2K9 1K; =0945= ?;020NI8< 2 ?@>;825 0-0=H 2 1840 3>4C, B@8 4@C385 1K;8 2K1@>H5=K =0 ?>15@56L5 LN-65@A8 2 !( (2 1889, 1933, 1935 3>40E), 42>5 4@C38E, <0BL 8 45B5=KH, 1K;8 >1=0@C65=K =0 /<09:5 2 1953 3>4C, GB> :065BAO =5 A>2A5< C<5AB=K< 4;O 682>B=>3>, =0720==>3> 52@>?59A:8<! 5<=57C1 ;0=28;O (M.densirostris) 8<55B 5I5 1>;55 D0=B0AB8G5A:>5 35>3@0D8G5A:>5 @0A?@>AB@0=5=85. K;> =0945=> 2A53> A5<L 53> M:75<?;O@>2, >4=0:> 2 @07;8G=KE 8 A0<KE >B40;5==KE B>G:0E 75<=>3> H0@0: =0 !59H5;LA:8E >AB@>20E, C >AB@>20 >@4-%0C, 1;87 2AB@0;88, =0 N35 D@8:8, 21;878 0AA0GCA5BA0 (!(), >:>;> >AB@>2>2 0459@0 8 C 15@53>2 HB0B0 LN-65@A8 !(. M.stejnegeri 8725AB5= ;8HL 1;03>40@O 42C< M:75<?;O@0< A A525@=>3> ?>15@56LO "8E>3> >:50=0; M.hectori  ?> 42C< M:75<?;O@0< 87 >2>9 5;0=488. ?8A0=85 M.bowdoini B0:65 1K;> A45;0=> =0 >A=>20=88 87CG5=8O 42CE =>2>75;0=4A:8E M:75<?;O@>2, >B :>B>@KE, >4=0:>, =5 >AB0;>AL =8G53>, :@><5 A:5;5B0, ?>MB><C 2=5H=89 284 682>B=>3> ?>:0 =58725AB5=. >6=> 4065 8 =5 C?><8=0BL > B><, GB> ?>;=>ABLN 254><> 2A5, GB> :0A05BAO =@02>2 @07;8G=KE meseplodon (;0B.), 4;8=0 :>B>@KE 8=>340 ?@52KH05B 5 <5B@>2. 8GCBL =5 1>;55 <K 7=05< > 42CE 2840E @>40 ?;02C=>2 (Berardius): A525@=>< ?;02C=5 (B.bairdi) 8 N6=>< ?;02C=5 (B.amouxi), :>B>@K5 <>3CB 4>AB830BL 13 <5B@>2 2 4;8=C. C1K N6=>3> ?;02C=0 8<5NB B0:>5 AB@>5=85, GB>, 5A;8 1K 8E >?8A0=85 1K;> A45;0=> ?@>D0=><, 5<C =5 ?>25@8; 1K =8 >48= A?5F80;8AB 2 >1;0AB8 <0<<0;>388: MB8 7C1K 70:;NG5=K 2 E@OI52K5 AC<:8 8, ?>E>65, <>3CB ?@>872>;L=> ?>4=8<0BLAO, 459AB2CO ?@8 MB>< =0?>4>185 :@N:>2. @5<O >B 2@5<5=8 >1=0@C6820NBAO =>2K5 ?@54AB028B5;8 A5<59AB20 :;N2>@K;KE (Liphiidae).  1937 3>4C ?>O28;AO =>2K9 @>4  B0A<0=>2K5 :8BK (Tasmacetus), >B:@KBK9 ;825@>< =0 >A=>20=88 >1A;54>20=8O ?>A;54>20B5;L=> 2K1@>H5==KE =0 ?>15@56L5 >2>9 5;0=488 B@5E :8B>2 A :;N2>< A>25@H5==> =58725AB=>3> ?@5645 B8?0. -B> 1K;8 :@C?=K5 682>B=K5, 8<52H85 >B 7 4> 9 <5B@>2 2 4;8=C! A5 MB8 A>1KB8O ?@>8AE>48;8 =5704>;3> 4> B>@>9 <8@>2>9 2>9=K, 0 =5 2 A@54=85 25:0 8;8 M?>EC >7@>645=8O.  MB> =5 <5H05B =0< ?@074=> CB25@640BL, GB> <>@5 =5 A?>A>1=> 1>;LH5 A:@K20BL =58725AB=KE 682>B=KE 1>;LH8E @07<5@>2! >A;5 7=0:><AB20 A> A<CB=K< ?>;>65=85<, F0@OI8< 2 A5<59AB25 :;N2>@K;KE, =0< =5 ?>:065BAO C4828B5;L=K<, GB> A@548 45;LD8=>2KE 8 A>1AB25==> 45;LD8=>2, B> 5ABL A@548 :8B>>1@07=KE <5=LH53> @07<5@0, <=>385 284K 8725AB=K =0< ;8HL =0 >A=>20=88 >B45;L=KE, @54:8E, G0AB> 548=AB25==KE M:75<?;O@>2. !CI5AB2C5B, =0?@8<5@, =5A:>;L:> @07=>284=>AB59 @>40 Lagenorhynchus  45;LD8=0-A>@>:8, :0: 53> 8=>340 =07K20NB, 2=5H=89 284 :>B>@KE 87CG5= =54>AB0B>G=>. 5:>B>@K5 87 =8E :06CBAO =5C;>28<K<8, :0:, =0?@8<5@, 45;LD8= A ?5A>G=K<8 G0A0<8 8;A>=0 (Lagenorhynchus wilsoni). -B0 @07=>284=>ABL, A2845B5;LAB2C5B $@5=A8A . $@575@ 2 A2>59 :;0AA8G5A:>9 @01>B5  <>@A:8E 3830=B0E, =0?8A0==>9 2 A>02B>@AB25 A 8EB8>;>3>< 6>=>< . >@<0=><, G0AB> 2AB@5G0;0AL =0 !525@5 :0: 2 E>45 M:A?548F88 8A:025@8 2 1802 3>4C, B0: 8 2> 2@5<O M:A?548F88 "5@@0 >20 2 =B0@:B8:5. 4=0:> =5 1K; ?>9<0= =8 >48= M:75<?;O@ MB>3> 682>B=>3>. 7 45;LD8=>2 @>40 Prodelphmus ?OB=8ABK9 45;LD8= ?>;CG8; A2>5 8<O ;8HL 2 1889 3>4C >B >;O 5@25. $@575@ 70O2;O5B B0:65: K;> >?8A0=> <=>65AB2> @07=>284=>AB59, => 157 :0:8E-;81> A2545=89 >1 8E =@020E. >;LH8=AB2> D>@< MB8E 682>B=KE 8725AB=K =0< B>;L:> ?> G5@5?0<. !5<59AB2> :0H0;>B>2 2:;NG05B >G5=L @54:89 8 >@838=0;L=K9 @>4 :0@;8:>2KE :0H0;>B>2 (Kogia), >?8A0==K9 B>;L:> 2 1846 3>4C. -B> 682>B=>5 B@5E<5B@>2>9 4;8=K, :>B>@>5 5I5 =8:B> =5 2845; 682K<. A;8 1K =5 =5A:>;L:> A;CG09=> 2K1@>H5==KE =0 15@53 M:75<?;O@>2, <K 1K =8G53> =5 7=0;8 > 53> ACI5AB2>20=88. 0< 2A5 5I5 =58725AB=>, A:>;L:> 284>2 2:;NG05B @>4 Kogia. ?8A0=> >:>;> ?>;4N68=K 53> ?@54AB028B5;59, => MB> =8G53> =5 4>:07K205B 2284C @54:>AB8 40==KE 682>B=KE. !0<K9 <0;5=L:89 87 A5<59AB20 3;04:8E, 8;8 =0AB>OI8E :8B>2, 8725AB5= =0< ;8HL A 1864 3>40. -B> AB@0==>5 682>B=>5 8<55B =0AB>;L:> @0AH8@5==K5 1>:0, GB> 3@C4=0O :;5B:0 53> =0?><8=05B 1>G:C.  A59G0A MB>B :8B-?83<59 (Neobaloena) 2AB@5G05BAO ;8HL 2 8A:;NG8B5;L=KE A;CG0OE. 5>1E>48<> 70<5B8BL, GB> MB> <8=80BN@=>5 682>B=>5 <>65B 4>AB830BL 18 <5B@>2 2 4;8=C. >;8G5AB2> :8B>>1@07=KE 2=CH8B5;L=>3> @07<5@0, A :>B>@K<8 <K 5420 7=0:><K, 4>AB0B>G=> 25;8:>. O4 4@C38E 8725AB5= CG5=K< ;8HL ?> 2=5H=5<C 284C.  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